Factory Pattern in Clean ABAP

Why Factory?

The Factory Method pattern lets you decouple the creation of an object from the use of it. Instead of NEW zcl_car( ) scattered across your code, you call lo_factory->create_vehicle( 'CAR' ) and the factory decides which concrete class to instantiate.

Benefits in ABAP:

• Swap implementations without touching call sites
• Unit-test business logic against a mock factory
• Register new vehicle types without modifying existing code (Open/Closed)

Project Structure

This repository is a complete abapGit project — you can pull it directly into your system. The core objects are:

Object	Type	Description
ZIF_VEHICLE	Interface	Contract every vehicle must fulfill
ZCL_VEHICLE_FACTORY	Class	Creates the right vehicle by type key
ZCL_CAR	Class	Car implementation
ZCL_TRUCK	Class	Truck implementation

The Interface

ZIF_VEHICLE defines two methods that every vehicle must implement:

INTERFACE zif_vehicle PUBLIC.
  METHODS:
    get_type
      RETURNING VALUE(rv_type) TYPE string,
    describe
      RETURNING VALUE(rv_desc) TYPE string.
ENDINTERFACE.

The Factory

ZCL_VEHICLE_FACTORY has a single static method. Adding a new vehicle type means adding one WHEN branch — existing callers are unaffected:

METHOD create_vehicle.
  ro_vehicle = SWITCH #( iv_type
    WHEN 'CAR'   THEN NEW zcl_car( )
    WHEN 'TRUCK' THEN NEW zcl_truck( )
    ELSE RAISE EXCEPTION TYPE cx_sy_create_object_error ).
ENDMETHOD.

Usage Example

DATA(lo_factory) = NEW zcl_vehicle_factory( ).

DATA(lo_car)   = lo_factory->create_vehicle( 'CAR' ).
DATA(lo_truck) = lo_factory->create_vehicle( 'TRUCK' ).

WRITE: / lo_car->describe( ).    " 'Sedan, 4 doors, 90kW'
WRITE: / lo_truck->describe( ).  " 'Semi, 18 wheels, 320kW'

Unit Testing

The test class in zcl_vehicle_factory.clas.testclasses.abap uses the standard ABAP Unit framework with no mocks needed — the factory is pure and testable as-is:

METHOD test_car_type.
  DATA(lo_v) = zcl_vehicle_factory=>create_vehicle( 'CAR' ).
  cl_abap_unit_assert=>assert_equals(
    exp = 'CAR'
    act = lo_v->get_type( ) ).
ENDMETHOD.

Clone into Your System

1. Open abapGit in your SAP system
2. Create a new online repo pointing to this repository’s URL
3. Pull — all objects land in package ZFACTORY_DEMO